可体验的心理学：可视化体验心理学，解锁人类心智模型

2. Common Experiments by Category

Below is a more concise list of well-known experiments, grouped by their main cognitive or behavioral functions. In practice, researchers often adapt or combine these paradigms for cross-disciplinary investigations.

To provide a clearer overview, the following categorizes commonly used experimental tools in the previously mentioned fields and provides some operational or measurement indicators. In practice, researchers adapt, combine, or apply these paradigms across disciplines based on specific hypotheses or research questions.

Attention & Awareness

• Attentional Blink Paradigm:Reflects the processing limitations of consecutive targets in a rapid sequence.
• Cueing (Posner Task):Studies the effectiveness of spatial or object-based attention using cues.
• Mackworth Clock Task: Measures sustained attention during prolonged monitoring.
• Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART): Evaluates sustained focus and inhibitory control.

Memory & Learning

• Corsi Block Test (Forward/Backward): Assesses visuospatial memory.
• Digit Span Test: Measures verbal working memory capacity.

• The N-Back Task

  : Gradually increasing difficulty (e.g., 1-back, 2-back, 3-back) to test working memory.
• Self-Paced Reading: Observes reading pauses and regressions (word-by-word vs. phrase-by-phrase).

Response Time & Conflict Control

• Eriksen Flanker Task: Measures selective attention and interference inhibition (conflict monitoring).

• 希克定律实验

  : Decision time increases logarithmically with the number and complexity of choices.

• 斯特鲁普效应实验

  : Tests conflict between color naming and word meaning, assessing automatic processing and cognitive control.
• Go/No-go Task / Stop Signal Task: Examines impulse inhibition.
• Task Switching / Psychological Refractory Period (PRP): Explores cognitive load in multitasking or rapid task switching.

Decision Making & Problem-Solving

• 爱荷华赌博任务

  : Assesses risk-taking and reward-punishment learning.
• Tower of Hanoi: Tests planning and problem-solving strategies.

• The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)

  : Examines abstraction, learning, and rule switching.

Social Cognition & Implicit Attitudes

• Implicit Association Task (IAT): Measures implicit attitudes or biases.
• Visual Approach/Avoidance Task (VAAST): Evaluates approach/avoidance tendencies.

• The Negative Priming Experiment

  : Investigates the suppression of stereotypes or biases and subsequent processing interference.

Visual Search & Spatial Cognition

• Visual Search: Studies target search in complex scenes (e.g., a scientific version of "Where’s Waldo").
• Mental Rotation: Tests the ability to mentally rotate 2D/3D shapes.
• Navon Task: Examines global/local information processing using large and small letter stimuli.

Motor Control & Human-Computer Interaction

• Fitts’s Law: Explores the relationship between movement time, target size, and distance, widely applied in HCI design.
• Simon Task: Studies spatial compatibility between stimulus location and response.

Other or Comprehensive

• Lexical Decision Task: Assesses the speed of language processing and word recognition.
• Multitasking: Investigates cognitive resource allocation under concurrent tasks.
• Mental Workload Paradigms: Combines subjective questionnaires with objective measures (e.g., EEG, skin conductance) to evaluate task or learning load.

3. How to Use This Experiment Library

1. Learn & Understand: Each experiment is accompanied by a brief description of its purpose and theoretical background, along with reference links.
2. Online Demonstrations: Run the task directly in your browser to get hands-on experience of how a typical cognitive or social experiment is set up.
3. View Results: Upon completion, many tasks provide basic feedback (e.g., reaction time, accuracy). This is for educational insight, not formal diagnosis or research conclusion.
4. Touch-Friendly Versions: Many tasks support touch input for mobile or tablet use, although precise reaction time studies are ideally done on desktop with a keyboard.

4. Ethical Considerations

• Research Ethics & Consent: If data is collected for actual research, ensure participants have given informed consent, and that their privacy is respected.
• Interpretation of Results: The online tasks serve an educational/demo purpose. Real lab-based research typically involves more controlled conditions and calibration.
• Copyright & Sources: Cite the original authors or instruments. If you modify or reuse tasks, check for licensing or usage restrictions.

5. Summary & Future Directions

As neuroscience and technology progress, traditional experiments are increasingly enhanced with brain imaging, physiological measures, and AI-powered analytics, offering deeper insights into the biological and computational basis of cognition and behavior. Emerging technologies such as virtual reality (VR), wearable devices, the Internet of Things (IoT), and smartphone-based data collection are expanding the scope, scalability, and ecological validity of psychological research. AI systems further enable real-time data analysis and adaptive experimentation, while IoT devices provide continuous, context-rich behavioral monitoring.

Cross-disciplinary approaches are also gaining traction, integrating social, developmental, clinical, cognitive, and computational perspectives. This convergence facilitates the development of new experimental paradigms, improves data-driven insights, and enhances predictive models of human behavior.

The library of tasks will continue to grow, reflecting these technological advances and methodological innovations. We hope this resource inspires curiosity and supports a deeper understanding of the extraordinary complexity of the human mind, encouraging researchers to leverage these tools for broader and more impactful discoveries.