フェミニスト心理学とは？
フェミニスト心理学は、フェミニズムの視点から出発する心理学の研究と実践の分野です。理論、研究、教育、臨床の各分野において多様なアイデンティティと社会的背景への関心を反映し、伝統的な心理学の概念を批判することによって社会的正義と平等を促進することに努めています。具体的には、フェミニスト心理学は以下を強調しています： 1. 専門家に対してフェミニズムのトレーニングと継続教育を提供し、性別平等と社会正義を指針とした心理学の実践を促進する。 2. 伝統的なメンタルヘルスの概念や社会構造を批判・挑戦し、性別、人種、年齢、階級、性的指向、宗教、能力、体型、国籍、移民状況、パートナー関係、健康状態など、社会におけるさまざまな差別や抑圧の形態を分析と介入に取り入れる。 3. 交差性（intersectionality）がメンタルヘルスに与える重要な影響を尊重し理解する。 4. 研究、教育、制度、臨床実践においてフェミニズムの思想の普及、協力、コンセンサスによる意思決定を提唱する。 5. 多様性と包括性を持つ専門的な団体の構築を通じて、女性の健康と社会的正義の研究の発展を促進し、フェミニズムに関する指導と支援を提供するフェミニズムのイニシアチブと実践を支援する。 総じて、フェミニスト心理学は、伝統的な心理学への反省と補完にとどまらず、社会の変革を推進し、さまざまなグループの平等と健康福祉の実現に重要な力を発揮しています。
フェミニズムのタイムライン
フェミニスト心理学の歴史
フェミニスト心理学は、様々なフェミニズムの波を通じて進化し、ジェンダーと心理学についての理解を深めてきました。
初期の人物
フェミニスト心理学の初期の重要人物には、カレン・ホルネイやヘレーネ・ドイッチュが含まれ、彼らは伝統的な理論に挑戦しました。
現代の人物
現代のフェミニスト心理学者には、キャロル・ギリガンやキンバリー・クレンショーが含まれ、新たな視点でこの分野を広げました。
主要な貢献
フェミニスト心理学は、ジェンダー・アイデンティティ、社会的役割、文化がメンタルヘルスに与える影響についての理解に貢献しています。
Important Figures in Feminist Psychology
Karen Horney
16 September 1885 - 4 December 1952
Karen Horney was a groundbreaking figure in feminist psychology, known for her critique of Freudian theory and her pioneering work on neurosis, self-analysis, and feminine psychology.
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宋庆龄 (Soong Ching-ling)
27 January 1893 - 29 May 1981
Soong Ching-ling, also known as Madame Sun Yat-sen, was a Chinese political leader and feminist advocate. She played a key role in advancing women's rights and social welfare through her work with the All-China Women's Federation.
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Anna Freud
3 December 1895 - 9 October 1982
Anna Freud, daughter of Sigmund Freud, was a pioneer in child psychoanalysis and a strong advocate for understanding children's developmental stages through a feminist lens.
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Simone de Beauvoir
9 January 1908 - 14 April 1986
Simone de Beauvoir was a French existentialist philosopher and feminist who explored gender roles and social constructs in her seminal work 'The Second Sex.'
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Carol Gilligan
28 November 1936 - Present
Carol Gilligan is an American feminist, ethicist, and psychologist known for her work on the moral development of women and her influential book 'In a Different Voice.'
All-China Women's Federation
The All-China Women's Federation (ACWF) is a state-run women's rights organization in China, focusing on promoting gender equality, protecting women's rights, and improving women's welfare.
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Chizuko Ueno (上野千鶴子)
1948 - Present
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Mary Daly
16 October 1928 - 3 January 2010
Mary Daly was a radical feminist philosopher and theologian. Her works, such as 'Beyond God the Father' and 'Gyn/Ecology,' challenged patriarchal structures within religion and society.
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Mary Wollstonecraft
27 April 1759 - 10 September 1797
Mary Wollstonecraft was an English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. Her seminal work, 'A Vindication of the Rights of Woman,' is considered a foundational text of modern feminism.
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Ruth Bader Ginsburg
15 March 1933 - 18 September 2020
Ruth Bader Ginsburg was a U.S. Supreme Court Justice and a champion for gender equality. Her legal work and decisions paved the way for significant advancements in women's rights in the United States.
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Sayoko Shinoda(信田さよ子)
1945 - Present
Sayoko Shinoda(信田さよ子) is a Japanese feminist and psychologist who has contributed significantly to the study of gender roles, social dynamics, and mental health in modern Japanese society.
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Nancy Chodorow
20 January 1944 - Present
Nancy Chodorow is a feminist sociologist and psychoanalyst best known for her work 'The Reproduction of Mothering,' which explores the impact of gender roles on psychological development.
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Dorothy Smith
6 July 1926 - Present
Dorothy Smith is a Canadian sociologist and feminist known for her contributions to the development of feminist standpoint theory and institutional ethnography.
Judith Butler
24 February 1956 - Present
Judith Butler is a prominent gender theorist and philosopher whose groundbreaking work 'Gender Trouble' challenges traditional notions of gender and identity.
Virginia Satir
26 June 1916 - 10 September 1988
Virginia Satir was a pioneering family therapist who emphasized communication and self-esteem as key components of psychological well-being.
Helene Deutsch
9 October 1884 - 29 March 1982
Helene Deutsch was a psychoanalyst who contributed to the understanding of women's psychology, particularly in the areas of motherhood and femininity.
Sylvia Walby
25 October 1953 - Present
Sylvia Walby is a British sociologist and feminist theorist, known for her work on gender inequality, violence against women, and feminist epistemology.
Li Yinhe
4 February 1952 - Present
Li Yinhe is a prominent Chinese sociologist and feminist, widely regarded as the first scholar to advocate for LGBTQ+ rights in China. Her work focuses on gender studies, sexuality, and family structures in modern Chinese society.
もっと詳しく体験談
Sarah Johnson
Psychology Student
Maria Chen
Researcher