什麼是女性心理學？
女性心理學是一門以女性主義視角出發的心理學研究與實踐領域。它致力於在理論、研究、教育與臨床工作中體現對多元身份與社會脈絡的關注，並通過批判傳統心理學理念來推動社會公正與平等。具體而言，女性心理學強調： 1、為專業人士提供女性主義訓練與持續教育，促進她們以性別平等與社會正義為導向開展心理學工作。 2、批判、挑戰傳統心理健康觀念和社會結構，將社會中各類歧視與壓迫形態（如性別、種族、年齡、階級、性取向、宗教、能力、身材、國籍、移民身份、伴侶關係以及健康狀況）納入分析和干預。 3、尊重與理解交叉身份（intersectionality）對於心理健康的重要影響。 4、在研究、教學、制度以及臨床實踐中倡導女性主義思想的傳播、合作與共識決策。 5、支持女性主義倡議與實踐，通過多元與包容的專業團體建設，促進女性健康與社會公正研究的發展，提供有關女性主義的指導和支持。 總的來說，女性心理學不僅是對傳統心理學的反思與補充，更是推動社會轉型、實現各類群體平權和健康福祉的重要力量。
女性主義時間軸
女性心理學的歷史
女性心理學通過多次女性主義浪潮發展而來，每次浪潮都對性別和心理學有了更深入的理解。
早期人物
女性心理學的關鍵早期人物包括卡倫·霍妮和海倫·多伊奇，他們挑戰了傳統理論。
現代人物
現代女性心理學家如卡羅爾·吉利根和金伯莉·克倫肖等，帶來了新的視角，擴展了這一領域。
主要貢獻
女性心理學為理解性別認同、社會角色以及文化對心理健康的影響做出了貢獻。
Important Figures in Feminist Psychology
Karen Horney
16 September 1885 - 4 December 1952
Karen Horney was a groundbreaking figure in feminist psychology, known for her critique of Freudian theory and her pioneering work on neurosis, self-analysis, and feminine psychology.
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宋庆龄 (Soong Ching-ling)
27 January 1893 - 29 May 1981
Soong Ching-ling, also known as Madame Sun Yat-sen, was a Chinese political leader and feminist advocate. She played a key role in advancing women's rights and social welfare through her work with the All-China Women's Federation.
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Anna Freud
3 December 1895 - 9 October 1982
Anna Freud, daughter of Sigmund Freud, was a pioneer in child psychoanalysis and a strong advocate for understanding children's developmental stages through a feminist lens.
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Simone de Beauvoir
9 January 1908 - 14 April 1986
Simone de Beauvoir was a French existentialist philosopher and feminist who explored gender roles and social constructs in her seminal work 'The Second Sex.'
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Carol Gilligan
28 November 1936 - Present
Carol Gilligan is an American feminist, ethicist, and psychologist known for her work on the moral development of women and her influential book 'In a Different Voice.'
All-China Women's Federation
The All-China Women's Federation (ACWF) is a state-run women's rights organization in China, focusing on promoting gender equality, protecting women's rights, and improving women's welfare.
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Chizuko Ueno (上野千鶴子)
1948 - Present
Chizuko Ueno (上野千鶴子) is a Japanese sociologist and feminist who has been a leading voice in gender equality and feminist theory in Japan. She is known for her works on patriarchy, gender studies, and the historical positioning of women in Japanese society.
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Mary Daly
16 October 1928 - 3 January 2010
Mary Daly was a radical feminist philosopher and theologian. Her works, such as 'Beyond God the Father' and 'Gyn/Ecology,' challenged patriarchal structures within religion and society.
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Mary Wollstonecraft
27 April 1759 - 10 September 1797
Mary Wollstonecraft was an English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. Her seminal work, 'A Vindication of the Rights of Woman,' is considered a foundational text of modern feminism.
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Ruth Bader Ginsburg
15 March 1933 - 18 September 2020
Ruth Bader Ginsburg was a U.S. Supreme Court Justice and a champion for gender equality. Her legal work and decisions paved the way for significant advancements in women's rights in the United States.
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Sayoko Shinoda(信田さよ子)
1945 - Present
Sayoko Shinoda(信田さよ子) is a Japanese feminist and psychologist who has contributed significantly to the study of gender roles, social dynamics, and mental health in modern Japanese society.
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Nancy Chodorow
20 January 1944 - Present
Nancy Chodorow is a feminist sociologist and psychoanalyst best known for her work 'The Reproduction of Mothering,' which explores the impact of gender roles on psychological development.
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Dorothy Smith
6 July 1926 - Present
Dorothy Smith is a Canadian sociologist and feminist known for her contributions to the development of feminist standpoint theory and institutional ethnography.
Judith Butler
24 February 1956 - Present
Judith Butler is a prominent gender theorist and philosopher whose groundbreaking work 'Gender Trouble' challenges traditional notions of gender and identity.
Virginia Satir
26 June 1916 - 10 September 1988
Virginia Satir was a pioneering family therapist who emphasized communication and self-esteem as key components of psychological well-being.
Helene Deutsch
9 October 1884 - 29 March 1982
Helene Deutsch was a psychoanalyst who contributed to the understanding of women's psychology, particularly in the areas of motherhood and femininity.
Sylvia Walby
25 October 1953 - Present
Sylvia Walby is a British sociologist and feminist theorist, known for her work on gender inequality, violence against women, and feminist epistemology.
Li Yinhe
4 February 1952 - Present
Li Yinhe is a prominent Chinese sociologist and feminist, widely regarded as the first scholar to advocate for LGBTQ+ rights in China. Her work focuses on gender studies, sexuality, and family structures in modern Chinese society.
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Sarah Johnson
Psychology Student
Maria Chen
Researcher